High Beam Laser Project Report
SKEE1012 INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING: PROJECT REPORT
TITLE: HIGH BEAM INTENSE LASER
LECTURE: PROF. DR. ZOLKAFLE BIN BUNTAT
GROUP MEMBER: 1) MUHAMAD NAZRIN BIN AIME
2) MUHAMAD HILMAN BIN HARIS
3) MUHAMAD ADAM BIN MAZLAN
4) MUHAMMAD AMERUDDIN BIN RAZALI
5) RAJA AHMAD ZAHIN BIN RAJA ZAINARABIDIN
6) JOHAN HAIKAL BIN SUHAIMI
- Acknowledgement
First of all, we felt very grateful because we get the opportunity to do this project and a special thanks to our lecturer Prof. Dr. Zolkafle Bin Buntat for given us guidance for this project. We realise that our idea somehow lack of something but with all the advice from our lecture, we manage to overcome all the weakness. We would like to thank to all the team member for the commitment and cooperation throughout the project.
- Abstract
Basically, our project is about building a high beam or flammable laser. The vital component in this project is laser diode. The specification of our laser diode is 500mW output power, 2.2V working voltage, the working current is under 350mA with the wavelength of 808nm. So in order to make this laser diode function, we build a circuit to give this out this output power. We build a voltage regulator circuit consist of voltage regulator, two 10k potentiometer and capacitors. Through this circuit, a flammable laser beam could be flashed.
- Introduction
The purpose of this project is to make a high beam or flammable laser that is safe to be use indoor and outdoor. Basically this device function similarly to matches but more advance-looking then the matches. As what we know, matches are very important to outdoor activity such as camping, so this device somehow will make our life easier as the device could be waterproof by making a waterproof casing that can be made by using soft board and hot glue gun.
The idea came when one of the members say that there is a laser that can ignite a fire. He discover this laser when he using the Youtube. We think that it is an interesting idea so we proceed with it. After that we collect all the information that we need and we propose the idea to our lecturer.
- Theory and Analysis
A semiconductor laser used for signal transmission in fibre optics. The diode emits a high powered light through a glass lens to minimize signal loss. Its structure consist of photodiode which is for monitors laser output and is angled to reduce back reflections into the laser cavity. Laser then emits light in a forward direction for transmission and in a backwards direction for monitoring by the photodiode. Glass lens if to focuses laser light onto fibre. Increasing distance and reducing loss.
- Experimental Procedures.
The aim of this project is to design a device that easy-to-handle that can help our life become easier. As what we know, nowadays some lasers are capable of heating materials. This makes them useful in surgery and for cutting metals and other industrial materials. But for our project we try to mimic this laser to be function as matches. So we use a laser diode module which can be found on a DVD player. This laser diode is very sensitive as it need a constant working voltage depending on its own specification. Voltage regulator circuit were built in order to give an output voltage of 2.2V from 9.0V battery. We also use heat sink to spread out the heat energy from the voltage lose. Capacitor of 0.1 micro Farad was used to cancelling high-frequency noise and the 1.0 micro Farad capacitor was used to smoothen fluctuating signals. Moreover, potentiometer was used as voltage reducer to the accurate 2.2V from 5.0V output from voltage regulator.
- Results and Discussion
In this project we use laser diode where it is different LED light. Laser diode is a laser light that highly concentrated. It is more smaller and narrower viewing angle. For this we need all of this component: 1) Laser diode module
2) Voltage regulator
3) Heat sink
4) 25V battery
5) 0.1 μF capacitor
6) 1 μF capacitor
7) 2 x 10k Ω variable resistor
In this project we use the laser diode driver circuit. A Laser Diode driver circuit is a circuit which is used to limit the current and then supplies to the Laser Diode, so it can work properly. If we directly connect it to the supply, due to more current it will damage. If current is low then it will not operate, because of not having sufficient power to start. So, a driver circuit is needed to provide a correct value of current by which Laser Diode comes into operating condition. A simple LED only need a resistor to limit the current but in Laser diode we need proper circuitry to limit and regulate the current. Generally LM317 is used for regulating Power in Laser Diode Driver Circuit.
A Laser Diode is a device which emits light by the process of optical amplification depend on stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation, in simple we can say it Laser light. The full form of Laser is “Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation”. A laser light is different from other source of light as it release the light coherently, spatially and temporally. Laser light is monochromatic in nature, which means it’s just one light with same wavelength and energy, not a combination of colours of light.
As battery start giving supply, it first flow through the ceramic capacitor (0.1uf). This capacitor is used to filtering high-frequency noise from our DC source, and gives to input PIN3 of the LM317 voltage regulator IC. The potentiometer (10k) and resistor are used as the voltage limiting circuit connected with the adjustable PIN1. The output voltage is completely depends on the value of these resistor and potentiometer. Then the output voltage is taken out from the Output PIN2 and this voltage filter out from the second capacitor (1uf). This capacitor behaves as a power load balancer to filter the fluctuating signals. We can adjust the intensity of laser light by moving the potentiometer.
- Conclusion
In conclusion, our project which is high beam intense laser can replace the usage of matches. This project have improved our knowledge in laser diode and voltage regulator. From this experience we realize that this harmful and dangerous device somehow can be used for safer purpose. Although this project is not very successful but we still manage to gain the experience for the future purpose. We believe from this experience we can plan and make a successful project after this.
References
-http://www.learningaboutelectronics.com/Articles/Laser-diode-circuit.php
-https://circuitdigest.com/electronic-circuits/laser-diode-driver-circuit-diagram