Organizational Behavior Chapter 11 : Communication

1) Downward communication : 

• Flows from one level to a lower level.
• Assign goals, provide instructions, communicate policies and procedures, and provide feedback.

2) Upward communication : 

• Flows to a higher level in the group or organization.
• Provide feedback to higher-ups, inform them of progress, and relay current problems.

3) Lateral communication : 

• Takes place among members of the same work group, among members of work groups at the same level, among managers at the same level, or among any horizontally equivalent personnel.

1) Oral Communication : 

• The primary means of conveying messages.
• Example: Meetings, Telephone

2) Written Communication : 

• Example: Letters, PowerPoint, E-mail, Instant Messaging

3) Nonverbal Communication : 

• Includes body movements, the intonations or emphasis we give to words, facial expressions, and the physical distance between the sender and receiver.

Barriers to Effective Communication:

• Filtering
• Selective perception
• Information overload
• Emotions
• Language
• Silence
• Communication apprehension
• Lying