HIGHER EDUCATION ISSUES
Higher education is important because it is crucial for many countries to develop education in their countries. Higher education itself are any types of education given after high school or in university. I’m focusing about higher education in Asia because currently im taking my bachelor degree in Malaysia which is in Asia.
Higher education has many benefits especially for youth. These are benefits of higher education:
- Dash preparation
Young people can increase their ideas and gain their skill, training and knowledge to enter a new world of job Moreover its good for their resume so they can have a job easily.
- Personal growth
- Better communication
Many higher education provide better writing and speaking assignment to trains students to make them expert in communication so they can attract more people
- Critical thinking skill
This is crucial because the more youth can develop these skills, the more they can lead their future companies for better performance. These are a couple of advantages to take higher education.
The effect of study abroad to reach higher education
Several countries provide higher education for their student to improve their skills but some of them hasn’t, so student decide to take higher education in abroad. however for example Malaysia was one of the top countries sending its own students to study abroad about 20% and its cost Malaysia an estimated $800 million USD, almost 12% current account deficit.
There are couples of loss such as they learn new cultures, its good but maybe their own cultures will be gone, another reasons that might consider is for the chance to experience different styles of education, but as long as student can keep their on cultures and everything its good for themselves to have an experience to study abroad.
Microsoft Asia and IDC released specific to the education sector, they called it Artificial Intelligence (AI), this will help double the rate of innovation improvement for higher education. With student outcomes being a key performance metric for higher education, many are turning to leverage data to glean insights and drive improved outcomes.
“For many institutional, student performance has a direct impact on rankings, AI can be a tool to help better manage outcomes and ensure continued innovation to optimize operation and enhance student engagements, as it reduces resource intensive work among faculty and administrative staff” said Larry Nelson, Regional General Manager- Education, Microsoft Asia.
Artificial Intelligence has been tested, AI stand to experience the biggest jump in higher finding, higher than most industry sectors in Asia Pacific Artificial Intelligence helps countries to increase performance of education. Therefore, several countries are trying to develop AI to make better education, moreover student can stay in their countries and study as same as other nation that adapt AI.
System education
There are types of education that apply in different countries. For example in Malaysia fresh graduate student have to take pre-university, so they should have to takes subjects that they want before they take university, so they don’t get shocked by the university because they haven’t know the subject that they will faced. Indonesia, fresh graduates student can either continue their education to university or they can take diploma, moreover subject in university is different in high school so they rather take continue their education direct to university instead of having diploma first however they should learn more about the subjects that they take so that they can understand what the subjects mean. Same as Malaysia, firs-year student in Russia should take some kind of pre-u so they could focusing and more knowledge so makes better performance in next steps of education, yet student are old to take university rather that direct to university but it depends on their government.
Higher education in some countries
In Malaysia, higher education sector is responsible for the operation of higher education institution (HEIs) in Malaysia and is under the jurisdiction of the ministry of higher education (HOME). The education sector has always enjoyed the highest national development budget which symbolizes the commitment of the Malaysian government towards education.
The quality of higher education is assured through the Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA) which undertakes the implementation of the Malaysian qualification framework. MQA is also responsible for quality assurance and the accreditation of course and the related functions, covering both public and private higher education institutions.
In Indonesia, government has been focused on revamping its higher education sector in recent years to keep pace with global competition from neighbours such as Malaysia and Thailand. The strategy serves two purposes, first is to provide a better level of education for its owm youthful population and second is to lure more international students to study in the country.
Future challenges
Despite the many positive trends in the field of higher education in asia, there are many serious challenges to overcome. It could be a mistake for Asian government to continue on a stable course of expansion and huge investments in the higher education wheel without paying attention to the changing education landscape.
The first challenge is government have to face with the result of massification of higher education. For instant China is struggling to find jobs for huge number of university graduates and Indonesia facing the same problem, several students that took bachelor or master in Indonesia struggling to find job, some companies willing to accept new workers by look at their university or perhaps top university in Indonesia. However, others accept new employees from every background.
The second challenge is one that is faced by all university, the impact of latest technology such as massive open online course. In Indonesia online courses are very common because many of startup company is making online course from elementary school to university such as www.ruangguru.com and www.sangjuara.com. So that student can increase their knowledge so they can take over all of the subjects.
The role of development partners in supporting higher education
Partnership with other countries is a good move to developing higher education in many countries such as UTM Johor Bahru has been partnership with any university around the world for many years such as Oxford, Cambridge, University Indonesia and many others.
Higher education for the future
Higher education undoubtedly supports aims that are briader than the development of human capital for supporting economic growth. However, at this time in Asia, for understandable reasons, economic growth is increasingly dominating deliberation on higher education development. As the rapid economic progress in the region has been accompanied by widening inequalities, the need to support inclusive development increasingly influences national and regional higher education development agendas. In addition there must be a significant change on education system in the world that’s why higher education should exist in all countries.
Higher education can help tackle inequalities
Creating Asian countries have made significant progress in raising enrollment rate in basic and secondary education. Yet, the low quality and completion rates at these levels continue to be a concern, especially with regard to readiness for higher learning among secondary education graduates, at the same time, the demand increasing for expanding opportunities and pathways for higher learning in the region to support Human Resource Development (HRD) and innovation for knowledge and technology.
Providing higher education opportunities for marginalized and excluded groups is not only necessary for establishing a broad human resource base for advancing inclusive economic growth but also for achieving other equally important development goals in societies and the region as a whole. Asia makes a strong case for shifting the higher education development agenda from the direct perspective of access to widening participation and pursuing inclusive higher education.
Issues for developing higher education
Higher education is a problem for several countries. They need to maintain their money to other needs like foods, drinks and many more. And if they take standard education, they should gain more effort to get better university or they might be go to private univ which more expensive that national university. However, some institution give scholarship to student that have high score in all subject or they have to attend test in order to get scholarship, in Indonesia if students can memorize all surah in al-quran they can go to any faculty in UI (University Indonesia).
Conclusion
To sum up, higher education is important to all countries around the world, using AI and all methods that applies in each nation. Higher education is important because makes students increase their knowledge so it is easy to them to get a job or find a job for their future. There a lot of ways to gain their knowledge to have better performance, like online course.
To have relation with other university is a good move to attract student, they can exchange in semester 6 maybe to any university that they want, however it has to have partnership with the university. Although in different countries has different policy for education, it’s accepted in any countries not by looking to someone age.
A lot of challenges coming when higher education apply. Like huge number of students that has graduates but struggle with find a job also many online courses exist around the world so competition its more difficult for student in lower standard of education. Providing higher education good for developing countries because if people get higher education, it would be much more opportunities for them to get a job so country has more human resource innovation for knowledge and technology. However, there are problems with providing higher education. not all of parents can pay the bill for their university, because they have to think to survive in their life not only in education, like living cost.
in my opinion, higher education is totally important and affect to all of people that want to learn more and more. Not just that, higher education can make the world better because people now know what is wrong and what is right and all of that is because higher education that provided by government.
BOOK:
Raja Bhandari and Alesiia Lefebure, Asia: The next higher education superpower,2015
JOURNAL’S:
Majid Ghasemy , Sufean Hussin, Megat Ahmad Kamaluddin Megat Daud, Mariani Md Nor, Simin Ghavifekr, and Husaina Banu Kenayathulla,Issues in Malaysian Higher Education: A Quantitative Representation of the Top Five Priorities, Values, Challenges, and Solutions From the Viewpoints of Academic Leaders,January 27 ,2018
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2158244018755839
Simon Marginson, Higher education,economic inequality and social mobility:Implications for emerging East Asia ,November 2018
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0738059316304771
Olga Fedotova,Migration Potential of Labor Market and the System of Higher Education: Asian Vector of Development, September 2014
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042814049714
NEWSPAPER:
,Patric Blessinger and Enashi Sengupta,Is Malaysia the regional leader in international higher education?,Mon 2 Jul 2012
https://amp.theguardian.com/higher-education-network/blog/2012/jul/02/higher-education-in-malaysia
Microsoft Asia and IDC Asia/Pacific released findings specific to the education sector for the study,Higher Education Institutions in Asia Pacific Stand to Double the Rate of Innovation with Artificial Intelligence,23 Sep 2019
https://www.businessinsider.my/higher-education-institutions-in-asia-pacific-stand-to-double-the-rate-of-innovation-with-artificial-intelligence/amp/